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Hesperidin

Woher kommt es?
Hesperidin - C28H34O15 – ist ein wasserlösliches Zitrusbioflavonid, welches in Orangen und Zitronen vorkommt. Fruchtsäfte mit hohem Fruchtfleischgehalt enthalten eine hohe Konzentration dieses Wirkstoffes.

Was bewirkt es?
Und welche wissenschaftlichen Studien belegen dies?
Hesperidin verspricht viele gesundheitliche Vorteile.
Hesperidin besitzt eine gefäßschützende Wirkung. In Tierversuchen verbesserte Hesperidin die Cholesterinwerte, indem es den HDL Spiegel (High-Density Lipoprotein = gutes Cholesterin) anhob und den LDL Spiegel (Low-Density Lipoprotein = schlechtes Cholesterin) senkte. Auch wenn entsprechende Untersuchungen am Menschen noch ausstehen, gibt es Berichte, die auf eine ähnliche Wirkung beim menschlichen Cholesterinspiegel schließen lassen.
Bei Studien am Menschen konnte Hesperidin den Blutdruck senken und das Herz durch einen erhöhten Folsäurespiegel und reduzierte Homeocysteinwerte vor Schädigungen schützen. In Europa wird Hesperidin zur Behandlung von Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen wie Bluthochdruck eingesetzt. Weitere Anwendungsgebiete umfassen die Unterstützung der Gesundheit der Kapillargefäße und die Vorbeugung von Krampfadern.
Neben der Herz- und gefäßschützenden Wirkung konnte auch eine krebsvorbeugende Wirkung von Hesperidin nachgewiesen werden. Hesperidin wirkt als starkes Antioxidans, unterstützt die Zellintegrität, stärkt das Immunsystem und könnte eine schützende Wirkung vor verschiedenen Krebsarten wie Darm-, Haut-, Blasen- und Speiseröhrenkrebs besitzen (1).
Hesperidin fördert die Gesundheit der Gelenke und der Haut, indem es zusammen mit Vitamin C die Bildung von Kollagen fördert und die Kollagenstruktur stärkt. Hierdurch kann Hesperidin die Gesundheit der Gelenke, der Wirbelsäule und des Bindegewebes verbessern. Da Kollagen der Hauptbestandteil der menschlichen Haut ist, verbessert Hesperidin das Erscheinungsbild, den Tonus und die Elastizität der Haut. Zu guter Letzt beschleunigt Hesperidin die Regeneration, indem es in den Arachidonsäure Stoffwechsel eingreift und so trainingsinduzierte Entzündungen reduziert (2, 3).
Hesperidin könnte auch regulierend auf allergische Reaktionen wirken (4) und besitzt eine entwässernde Wirkung (5).

Wer braucht es?
Wie sehen Mangelerscheinungen aus?
Alle gesunden Erwachsenen können von einer Hesperidin Supplementation profitieren (siehe oben).
Hesperidin ist kein essentieller Nährstoff und somit gibt es auch keine Mangelerscheinungen. Eine empfohlene Tagesdosis für Hesperidin wurde bis jetzt nicht festgelegt.

Wie viel Hesperidin sollte eingenommen werden?
Gibt es Nebenwirkungen?
Die Einnahme sollte wie auf dem Etikett empfohlen erfolgen.
Hesperidin besitzt keinerlei bekannte Nebenwirkungen.
Untersuchungen legen die Vermutung nahe, dass Hesperidin die Vitamin C Aufnahme auf Zellebene hemmen könnte. Um dies zu verifizieren bedarf es jedoch weiterer Untersuchungen.

Referenzen

Berkarda B, Koyuncu H, Soybir GT, Baykut F. Inhibitory effect of hesperidin on tumor initiation and promotion in mouse skin. Res Exp Med. (Berl). 1998; 198:93-99.
Emin JA, Oliveira AB, Lapa AJ. Pharmacological evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of a citrus bioflavonoid, hesperidin, and the isoflavonoids duartin and claussequinone in rats and mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1994; 46:118-122.
Galati EM, Monforte MT, Kirjavainen S, et al. Biological effects of hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid (Note I): anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Farmaco. 1994; 40:709-712.
Matsuda H, Yano M, Kubo M, et al. Pharmacological study on citrus fruits. II. Anti-allergic effect of fruit of Citrus unshiu MARKOVICH (2). On flavonoid components. Yakugaku Zasshi. 1991; 111:193-198.
Galati EM, Trovato A, Kirjavainen S, et al. Biological effects of hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid. (Note III): antihypertensive and diuretic activity in rat. Farmaco. 1996; 51:219-221.

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