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Threonin/Glycin/Serin

Threonin Glycin Serin

Threonin ist eine essentielle Aminosäure mit lipotropen Eigenschaften, die der Körper nicht selbst herstellen kann und daher mit der Ernährung aufgenommen werden muss. Threonin wurde 1935 aus dem Protein Fibrin isoliert und im gleichen Jahr synthetisiert. Diese Aminosäure wird häufig dem Tierfutter hinzugefügt, um das Proteinprofil von Zuchttieren zu verbessern. Glycin ist eine nicht-essentielle Aminosäure mit süßem Geschmack, die 1820 aus Gelatine, isoliert wurde. Glycin ist die einfachste Aminosäure (ohne d- und l-Formen) und gilt als wenig reaktiv, wenn sie in Proteine und Enzyme eingebaut ist. Im freien Zustand ist sie an einigen wichtigen Prozessen im Körper beteiligt. Glycin kann aus Threonin und Serin sowie aus anderen Quellen gebildet werden. Auch Serin ist eine nicht-essentielle Aminosäure, sie wurde 1865 aus Sericin, einem Seidenprotein, isoliert. Serin kann aus Threonin und Glycin sowie aus Glukose gebildet werden.

Threonin, Glycin und Serin haben wichtige Funktionen im Körper
Viele Funktionen von Threonin sind bis heute icht genau erforscht. Es wird allgemein für das Wachstum, den Harnsäure-Stoffwechsel und das Immunsystem benötigt. Threonin ist ein wichtiger Baustein in der Kette des Protein-Stoffwechsels und trägt zur Bildung von Enzymen und Hormonen bei. Es ist an der Biosynthese von Vitamin B12 und Isoleucin beteiligt und braucht für seine Funktionen wiederum Vitamin B6, Magnesium und Niacin. Threonin kann das Immunsystem stärken, es wird für die Bildung von Immunglobulinen und Antikörpern benötigt. Es trägt dazu bei, die Gesundheit der Thymusdrüse zu erhalten, in der die für das Immunsystem wichtigen T-Lymphozyten reifen. Bei starken körperlichen Leistungen kann Threonin zur Gewinnung von Energie dienen. Zusammen mit Glycin und Serin spielt Threonin eine wichtige Rolle im Stoffwechsel von Porphyrin.
Glycin wird für die Biosynthese von Nukleinsäuren, Gallensäuren, Kreatinphosphat und anderen Aminosäuren gebraucht. Es fördert die Ausscheidung von Harnsäure und kann die Harnsäure-Spiegel im Blut senken. Glycin wird für die Synthese von Häm, einem wichtigen Bestandteil des Hämoglobins, benötigt. Gleiches gilt für die Bildung von Purinen (Teil des genetischen Materials) und von Glutathion (ein Coenzym). Glycin ist außerdem ein Teil der Flüssigkeit in der Prostata und kann vermutlich zu ihrer gesunden Funktion beitragen. Glycin kann die Signale von Neurotransmittern im Zentralen Nervensystem hemmen oder abschwächen, es hat auf diese Weise eine beruhigende Wirkung. Glycin dämpft die Aktivität hyperaktiver Nerven und verbessert die neuromuskuläre Kontrolle.
Serin ist ein Bestandteil von Phospholipiden, die in biologischen Membranen vorhanden sind. Es trägt dazu bei, dass Neurotransmitter und die DNA gebildet werden. Serin wird zum Aufbau von Cholin, Acetylcholin, Cystein und Tryptophan benötigt und ist Teil vieler Enzyme.

Die Hauptlieferanten von Threonin, Glycin und Serin
Threonin kommt reichlich in Milchprodukten, im Eigelb, in Fleisch, Reis, Kartoffeln und Hülsenfrüchten vor. Relativ wenig Threonin ist im Getreide enthalten.
Glycin ist in fast allen eiweißhaltigen Lebensmitteln vorhanden, vor allem in Fisch, Fleisch, Bohnen und Milchprodukten. Mit der Nahrung werden täglich etwa 3 bis 5 Gramm aufgenommen.
Serin ist vor allem in Gluten, Sojabohnen und Erdnüssen enthalten.

Einige Threonin-reiche Lebensmittel enthalten in je 100 Gramm

Typische Gruppen für einen Mehrbedarf an Threonin und/oder Glycin

Threonin eventuell bei hohen körperlichen Leistungen
Glycin eventuell bei benigner Prostata-Hyperplasie (BPH)
Threonin oder Glycin eventuell bei hyperaktiven Nervenreaktionen und neuromuskulären Störungen

Wenn Threonin, Glycin und Serin im Körper fehlen
Ein Mangel anThreonin führt zu schneller Ermüdung, geringer Energie, Appetitlosigkeit und Gewichtsverlust.
Ein Mangel an Glycin und Serin kommt in der Regel nur selten vor, da beide Aminosäuren aus Threonin und anderen Stoffen gebildet sowie ineinander umgewandelt werden können. Eine unausgeglichene Balance zwischen den Aminosäuren Serin und Cystein gilt als charakteristisch für einige Psychosen.

Kann man Threonin, Glycin und Serin überdosieren oder gibt es Nebenwirkungen?
Von Threonin und Glycin sind keine toxischen Wirkungen bekannt. Bei Nieren- oder Leberkrankheiten sollte Glycin ohne ärztliche Empfehlung nicht in hohen Dosen aufgenommen werden. Gleiches gilt für die Einnahme von Medikamenten, es kann zu Interaktionen kommen. Serin kann im Übermaß zu psychotischen Prozessen beitragen und den Blutdruck erhöhen.

Der tägliche Bedarf an Threonin
Der tägliche Bedarf an Threonin beträgt bei Erwachsenen etwa 14 mg pro kg Körpergewicht.

- Gigas admin -

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Threonin/Glycin/Serin